![]() The brain does not need all the lines to be united to understand that these are scissors, this is a pushpin or a recycling bin. In these Liferay icons we see how part of the forms are unfinished. The circle is not a finished form since there is an empty space between the hand of each dancer, but, nevertheless, our brain perceives a circle. The hands of the dancers are arranged in the space forming a circle. Upon seeing this image the brain tries to close the unfinished form. Within the blue square, we see twelve smaller white squares (like the fifteen dancers), but by their similarity and by the law of proximity we perceive two triangular shapes on each side of the square.įisher and Smith-Gratto (1998) point out that “open shapes make the individual perceive that the visual pattern is incomplete” and the “sense of incompletion serves as a distraction to the learner.” Our minds will tend to close gaps and complete unfinished forms. We can observe the effect of this law of similarity in the Liferay Logo. There are sixteen identical rectangular elements that we see as a single larger one. The same thing happens with the scenographic element that is behind the dancers. Behind them there is a scenographic element formed by several rectangular parts of wood, all of the same color and size.Īlthough there are fifteen dancers on stage, the brain perceives a single triangular shape occupying the central part of the scene. In the picture above we can see a group of dancers, all of them wearing the same clothes and doing the same movement. Similarity LawĪccording to Fisher and Smith-Gratto (1998) similar objects will be counted as a group so this technique can be used to draw a viewer’s attention to where we want it. The description of the items (text) makes the horizontal distance between elements larger. If we look closely, the shortest distance between the elements is in the vertical direction. We can perceive these columns because the distance between the dancer front to back is smaller than the distance between the dancers side by side.Īccording to the law of proximity, what the brain perceives are columns. In the picture above we can see how the dancers are forming six columns: three on the left side of the stage, and three on the right side. Viewers will mentally organise closer elements into a coherent object, because they assume that closely spaced elements are related and those further apart are unrelated.Īrtifact. “The law of proximity states that items placed near each other appear to be a group” (Fisher and Smith-Gratto, 1998). Keeping this in mind, designers can group the items into three large blocks that allow the users to identify the different functionalities of the parts of the screen (green: information header, blue: page construction tools, red: canvas where to build the page). However, our brain needs to simplify the visual perception to understand all the context as quickly as possible. On this screen we can see a lot of elements. Here you have a screenshot of the page editor of Liferay Portal. ![]() There is a complexity in the scene design but what we perceive at first glance, is what seems to be concentric circles around the main figure. Have you ever seen the scene from the Swan Lake ballet? What do you see?Įnglish National Ballet. It means that “People will perceive and interpret ambiguous or complex images as the simplest form(s) possible.” In every case I will provide a little law explanation, a dance scenography example and the same example in digital product design (Liferay). We are going to analyze some of the most important Gestalt principles. ![]() The whole is other than the sum of the parts, and not reducible to them. There are two basic principles in the Gestalt theory:Ī form or structure is defined, perceived and remembered by the pattern of relations between its elements or parts, and not reducible to them. Gestalt psychology is an important school of thought about visual perception. Knowing how our brains work, gives us a powerful weapon for our designs to influence the perception and attention of our users. ![]() In short, how the human brain works in terms of perception and cognition.
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